The Cathedral of the Transfiguration of the Lord ( sh-Cyrl-Latn, Храм преображења Господњег, Hram preobraženja Gospodnjeg) is a

Serbian Orthodox The Serbian Orthodox Church ( sr-Cyrl, Српска православна црква, Srpska pravoslavna crkva) is one of the autocephalous (ecclesiastically independent) Eastern Orthodox Christian churches. The majority of the population in ...

cathedral A cathedral is a church that contains the '' cathedra'' () of a bishop, thus serving as the central church of a diocese, conference, or episcopate. Churches with the function of "cathedral" are usually specific to those Christian denomination ...

located on the

Petar Preradović Petar Preradović (19 March 1818 – 18 August 1872) was a Croatian poet, writer, and military general. He was one of the most important Croatian poets of the 19th century Illyrian movement and the main representative of romanticism in Croatia. ...

Square in

Zagreb Zagreb ( , , , ) is the capital (political), capital and List of cities and towns in Croatia#List of cities and towns, largest city of Croatia. It is in the Northern Croatia, northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slop ...

Croatia , image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg , anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland") , image_map = , map_caption = , capit ...

. It was built in 1865–66 according to designs of architect

Franjo Klein Franjo Klein (1828–1889) was one of the most important architects in the period of an early and mature historicism in Croatia and the most prominent architect in Zagreb in the 1860s and 1870s. Biography Early work in Vienna and Bjelovar Klein ...

. It is ecclesiastically part of the

Metropolitanate of Zagreb and Ljubljana Metropolitanate of Zagreb and Ljubljana ( sr, Митрополија загребачко-љубљанска, Mitropolija zagrebačko-ljubljanska) is an Eastern Orthodox eparchy (diocese) and one of the five honorary Metropolitanates of the Ser ...

and is known as the Zagreb Orthodox Cathedral.

History

Old St. Marguerite church

A wooden Catholic church dedicated to St. Marguerite was located on the place of the modern day cathedral in the 14th century.''Pravoslavna crkva na preradovićevom trgu'', PhD Dragan Damjanović
Zagreb-moj grad
pages 11-13, Issue 28, year IV, May 2010 The church was restored in the 16th and 17th century. Between 1372 and the 19th century, the annual St. Marguerite fair was organized on the square.''Preradovićev (Cvjetni) trg-ogledalo urbaniteta'', PhD Snježana Knežević
Zagreb-moj grad
pages 4-9, Issue 28, year IV, May 2010 In the 18th century the church was burned down in a fire and in its place a new one was built with bulbous steeple. Duding the

Josephinism Josephinism was the collective domestic policies of Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor (1765–1790). During the ten years in which Joseph was the sole ruler of the Habsburg monarchy (1780–1790), he attempted to legislate a series of drastic reforms ...

period the state implemented significant reforms that affected life of religious communities. In 1781

Patent of Toleration The Patent of Toleration (german: Toleranzpatent) was an edict of toleration issued on 13 October 1781 by the Habsburg emperor Joseph II. Part of the Josephinist reforms, the Patent extended religious freedom to non-Catholic Christians living ...

extended

religious freedom Freedom of religion or religious liberty is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or community, in public or private, to manifest religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship, and observance. It also includes the freedom ...

to non-Catholic Christians living in

Habsburg The House of Habsburg (), alternatively spelled Hapsburg in Englishgerman: Haus Habsburg, ; es, Casa de Habsburgo; hu, Habsburg család, it, Casa di Asburgo, nl, Huis van Habsburg, pl, dom Habsburgów, pt, Casa de Habsburgo, la, Domus Hab ...

lands and was followed by 1782 Edict of Tolerance. By city government decision the old church was offered at auction and sold to the Zagreb Croatian Orthodox Parish for 4,000

florins The Florentine florin was a gold coin struck from 1252 to 1533 with no significant change in its design or metal content standard during that time. It had 54 grains (3.499 grams, 0.113 troy ounce) of nominally pure or 'fine' gold with a purcha ...

. In 1848, during

Revolutions of 1848 The Revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the Springtime of the Peoples or the Springtime of Nations, were a series of political upheavals throughout Europe starting in 1848. It remains the most widespread revolutionary wave in Europea ...

, the Orthodox Parish added the suffix ''Serbian'' in its name since by that time the

Serbs The Serbs ( sr-Cyr, Срби, Srbi, ) are the most numerous South Slavic ethnic group native to the Balkans in Southeastern Europe, who share a common Serbian ancestry, culture, history and language. The majority of Serbs live in their na ...

significantly outnumbered local

Greeks The Greeks or Hellenes (; el, Έλληνες, ''Éllines'' ) are an ethnic group and nation indigenous to the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea regions, namely Greece, Cyprus, Albania, Italy, Turkey, Egypt, and, to a lesser extent, oth ...

and

Aromanians The Aromanians ( rup, Armãnji, Rrãmãnji) are an Ethnic groups in Europe, ethnic group native to the southern Balkans who speak Aromanian language, Aromanian, an Eastern Romance language. They traditionally live in central and southern Alba ...

Construction of new church

In 1861 initiative was launched to build new church on the site of a dilapidated old St. Marguerite church. Project was awarded to the architect

. In the same period when the Serbian Orthodox Cathedral was built,

Zagreb Synagogue The Zagreb Synagogue ( hr, Zagrebačka sinagoga) was the main place of worship for the Jews, Jewish community of Zagreb in modern-day Croatia. It was constructed in 1867 in the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia within the Austrian Empire, and was used u ...

was also built according to the Franjo Klein project. Church was completed on 21 October 1866, and synagogue on 27 September 1867. In 1897, after completion of urbanization of square south to the church, architect

Hermann Bollé Hermann Bollé (18 September 1845 – 17 April 1926) was an Austro-Hungarian architect of Franco-German origin who practiced in Croatia (Zagreb and Slavonia), as well as parts of what is now Vojvodina in northern Serbia. Life He was born in ...

proposed plan of monumental reorganization of church. This plan was never implemented, but the same architect developed a plan for restoration of bell tower in its modern-day shape in 1899, and in 1913 based on his plan façade was restored.

World War II

During

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

collaborationist Croatian

Ustaše The Ustaše (), also known by anglicised versions Ustasha or Ustashe, was a Croats, Croatian Fascism, fascist and ultranationalism, ultranationalist organization active, as one organization, between 1929 and 1945, formally known as the Ustaš ...

regime of

Independent State of Croatia The Independent State of Croatia ( sh, Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH; german: Unabhängiger Staat Kroatien; it, Stato indipendente di Croazia) was a World War II-era puppet state of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy (1922–1943), Fascist It ...

seized all property Serbian Orthodox Church and determined that the cathedral would be the central church of

Croatian Orthodox Church The Croatian Orthodox Church ( hr, Hrvatska pravoslavna crkva) was a religious body created during World War II by the Fascist Ustaše regime in the Independent State of Croatia (NDH). It was created in order to assimilate the remaining Serb mino ...

, which was a part of the widespread

Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia The Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, Genocid nad Srbima u Nezavisnoj Državi Hrvatskoj, separator=" / ", Геноцид над Србима у Независној Држави Хрватској) was the sys ...

Architecture

The

iconostasis In Eastern Christianity, an iconostasis ( gr, εἰκονοστάσιον) is a wall of icons and religious paintings, separating the nave from the sanctuary in a Church (building), church. ''Iconostasis'' also refers to a portable icon stand t ...

was placed in front of the altar in 1795. This iconostasis was donated to Church of St. George in

Varaždin ) , image_photo = , image_skyline = , image_flag = Flag of Varaždin.svg , flag_size = , image_seal = , seal_size = , image_shield = Grb_Grad ...

in 1884 when the current iconostasis was built. The iconostasis of the Orthodox Cathedral comprises a total of 34 icons and 4 free-standing

walnut A walnut is the edible seed of a drupe of any tree of the genus ''Juglans'' (family Juglandaceae), particularly the Persian or English walnut, '' Juglans regia''. Although culinarily considered a "nut" and used as such, it is not a true ...

pillars A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression (physical), compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other words, a column i ...

. The Metropolitan

Jovan Pavlović Jovan Pavlović ( sr-Cyrl, Јован Павловић; 22 October 1936 – 3 April 2014) was a Serbian Orthodox prelate who was the metropolitan bishop of Zagreb and Ljubljana of the Serbian Orthodox Church from 1982 until his death in 2014. H ...

, who reigned from 1982 to 2014 was buried in the cathedral after his death in 2014.

Gallery

Hermann Bollé Serbian Orthodox Cathedral in Zagreb.png, Hermann Bollé 1897 project Inside the Orthodox Church in Zagreb 6.jpg,

Inside the Orthodox Church in Zagreb 3.jpg,

icons An icon () is a religious work of art, most commonly a painting, in the cultures of the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and Catholic churches. They are not simply artworks; "an icon is a sacred image used in religious devotion". The most ...

painted as

fresco Fresco (plural ''frescos'' or ''frescoes'') is a technique of mural painting executed upon freshly laid ("wet") lime plaster. Water is used as the vehicle for the dry-powder pigment to merge with the plaster, and with the setting of the plaste ...

s on the walls Serbian Orthodox Church in Zagreb.JPG, Church at night

References

Bibliography

*''Преображени храм (Живопис храма Св. Преображења Господњег у Загребу)-Храм преображенный (Роснись храма св. Преображенуя Господня б Загребе)-Transfigured church (Fresgues of the church of St. Transfiguration of the Lord in Zagreb)'', Irina Buseva Davidova and Dragan Damjanović, Zagreb 2008, trilingual publication in Serbian,

Russian Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...

and

English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national ide ...

, NSK CIP 673785

External links

Povijest Trga Petra Preradovića: Iz 19. u 21. stoljeće?

Arhitektura ikonostasa u opusu Hermana Bolléa, Prostor, Znanstveni časopis za arhitekturu i urbanizam br. 18 (2010), 1 (39); Zagreb, 2010., str. 62 – 79.
{{Serbian minority institutions and organizations in Croatia Cathedrals in Croatia Religious buildings and structures in Zagreb Serbian Orthodox church buildings in Croatia Serbian Orthodox cathedrals Donji grad, Zagreb Metropolitanate of Zagreb and Ljubljana 19th-century Serbian Orthodox church buildings Churches completed in 1866 1860s establishments in Croatia 1866 establishments in the Austrian Empire Hermann Bollé buildings 19th-century churches in Croatia